Introduction:
After three years of the pandemic, predictors of COVID-19 severity in children are still not completely known. This study was designed to define the high-risk group in hospitalized children.

Material and methods:
The analysis covered 2338 children in two centers. Among patients with severe course three groups were identified –requiring and not requiring mechanical ventilation and those who died.

Results:
The median age of seventy children (54% female) with severe COVID-19 was 32 months. In 43 (61%) children comorbidities were present. No one was vaccinated against COVID-19. On admission, medium SpO2 was 89%. 65 (93%) patients presented with dyspnoea, and 49 (70%) with cough. 53 (76%) children required noninvasive oxygen support and 17 (24%) mechanical ventilation. 8(11%) children died. The most significant difference between mechanically ventilated children who recovered and those who died was age – 124 vs 12.8 months (p<0.001). Children requiring mechanical ventilation presented higher CRP (median 33.4 vs 6.7 mg/dl), LDH, and ferritin. In children who died even higher CRP (55.9 vs 7.9 mg/dl), deep lymphopenia (0.65 vs 1.85 x 103/ul), and thrombocytopenia ( 7 vs 237 x 103/ul) were observed.

Conclusions:
Risk factors for a severe course of COVID-19 were – young age, lack of COVID-19 vaccination, auscultation changes and dyspnea at admission. The presence of comorbidities, high CRP, LDH, and ferritin levels were the predictors of mechanical ventilation necessity and death. Among children mechanically ventilated teenagers had a prognosis of recovery but, infants with comorbidities were at the highest risk of death.